Wheeled firearm



Dec. 28, 1937. v. HAMMAR Er A1.

WHEELED FIREARM 4 sheets-sheet 1 Filed Nov. 25, 1935 Dec. 28, 1937. I v HAMMAR ET AL 2,103,670

WHEELED FIREARM Filed Nov. 25, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Zwemto TL.

au) [2M 7M Dec. 28, 1937. v. HAMMAR ET Al. 2,103,670

WHEELED FIREARM Filed Nov. 23, 1935 4 Sheets-She'et 5 Dec. 28, 1937. V. HAMMAR ET AL 2,103,670

WHEELED FIREARM Filed Nov. 25, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 fr we 17 C a T; Vfkfo r #asm -mav' ivi-n c1-nam ue? unison @tta @im 1-1- @ZM/w? DW Patented Dec. 28, 1937 PATENT OFFICE WHEELED rFIREARIVI Victor Hammar, Edvin Emanuel Jansson, and

Otto Olssom/Bofors, Sweden, assignors to Aktiebolaget Bofors, Bofors, Sweden Application November 23, 1935, Serial No. 51,316, In Sweden November 23, 1934i` 6 Claims.

The present invention relates to wheeled firearms such as guns, machine-guns or the like, in which the wheels are mounted by means of cranks or angle arms on axles turnably mounted in the carriage framing, so that by turning said axles the carriage can be brought from the travelling position to rest, in the firing position, on the ground with the wheels in an unloaded state and vice versa. l

The invention has for its object to bring about a simple and quick manoeuvring at the said changing-over operations and consists substantially in this that in order to bring about a turning of the said carriage axles there are arranged l levers or arms rigidly connected to said axles and swingable up and down by hand and that there is provided a balancing device between the respective axle and the carriage framing for facilitate ing the lowering and raising of the piece.

In the annexed drawings one form of embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention is shown as applied to a eld-piece having four wheels.

Fig. 1 shows the carriage and the appertaining gun viewed from the side, and

Fig. 2 is -a rear-view thereof, the carriage being in the travelling position.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the carriage with the appertaining wheels.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the gun with the carriage in a lowered position (the firing position).

Fig. 5 is a front view of one of the wheels and part of the corresponding carriage axle with an associated spring suspension device partly in section.

Fig. 6 is a side view of part of the carriage frame having a somewhat modied` construction of a balancing device for the piece.

'I'he gun proper as well as the associated pivot.,

sightingand recoil-means and the like may be of any kind and will not be described, as they do not belong to the present invention.

In the forni of embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to,5, I designates the carriage framing, at the u fore and rear portion of which thecarriage axles 2 and 3, respectively, are turnably mounted. The said axles are tubular and hinged to their free outer ends are link-systems'4, which are in turn at their outer end joined to an intermediate block 5, in which the normally substantially vertical pivot 6 of a'crank or angle arm is turnably mounted. The horizontal arm 'I of the said crank forms a journal for the associated wheel, as most clearly visible fromFig. 5. From the same figure there is also visible, as how the upper arms of the (Cl. srs-40) link system 4 are connected by means of an axle 8 to an arm 9, which is joined to a pressure plate I I by means of a rod I0, said pressure plate actuating a compression spring I2 disposed within the tubular axle 2 (and 3, respectively), which spring 5 with its outer endabuts against a collar I3 within the axle. By such means the wheels will be individually movable and spring suspended. As will be more clearly described below, the wheels are connected by pairs through link rods for 10 steering purposes.

Rigidly connected to the fore carriage axle 2 -is a substantially V-shaped manoeuvring arm I4, by means of which the axle can be turned and thus the wheels be swung up and down for bring- '15 ing the piece into firing position, Fig. 4, and travelling position, Figs. 1-3, respectively. For the same purpose a similar manoeuvring arm I5 is rigidly connected to the ,rear axle 3. In order to facilitate the said movements a balancing o device is provided in the fore and rear portion, respectively, of the carriage framing for each of the pairs of wheels, said balancing device comprising a cylinder I6 secured to the framing and having a piston I 1 movable therein, which is actu- 5 ated by a compression spring I8 in the cylinder, said spring pressing with its one end against the piston and with its other end against a flange I9 at the outer end of the cylinder. Jointed to the piston is the one end of a tie rod 20, the outer end 30 of which is jointed to a locking disk 2|V xed to .the axles 2 and 3, respectively. The said disk which is covered by a casing 22 secured to the upper side of the carriage framing, is-provided at its circumference with a number of notches 23 5 forming seats for a locking stud 24 having a senncircular cross-section and which may be turned by means of. a crank 25 located outside the casing 22. The two outermost notches 23 correspond to the fully lowered and fully raised position, respectively, of the wheels, while the remaining notches have for their object to facilitate a locking of the wheels in intermediate positions for the pur- 'a foot plate 29, which is connected by means of a 55 ball and socket joint 30 to the lower end of a tubular piston 3| movable in a cylinder '32 secured to the carriage frame and to the outriggers, respectively. The adjustment of the piston 3| and the foot plate 29 takes place by means of a screw 34 screwed into a bushing 33 secured to the piston, said screw being journalled at the upper end of the cylinder and being turned by a crank arm 35 secured to the upper end of the screw spindle. The said arm has a joint at 36, so as to be capable, when not in use, of being turned downwardly along the cylinder wall and brought into engagement with teeth disposed at the upper end of the cylinder for locking purpose.

Joined to the fore manoeuvring arm I4 is by means of a link 31 a rod 38 serving as a pull rod at the travelling and also two link rods 39 connected to the wheels for the steering thereof.

The rear manoeuvring arm I5 is adapted, when in its swung up position (the travelling position) to form a support for the elevating system and for this purpose it is provided at its outer end with two locking members forming screw bolts 48, which may engage a locking block 4I secured to the elevating system. For the securing of the arm I5 to the elevating system obviously also other members may be used, such as for instance a bandage or the like applicable around the gun.

The form of embodiment shown in Fig. 6 differs from that one according to Figs. 1 to 5 substantially ln this respect only that here a chain linkage 42 is included in the connection between the locking disk 2l and the balancing spring I8, said chain being guided by a sprocket wheel 43 rotatably mounted in the carriage frame.

The changing from travelling position, Figs. 1 to 3, to firing position, Fig. 4, takes place in the following manner.

The outriggers 21 and 28 are swung outwardly and locked. 'Ihe locking studs 24 are disengaged from the locking disks 2| by means of the cranks 25, and then the fore manoeuvring arm I4 is swung upwardly and the rear manoeuvring arm I5 downwardly, so that the can'iage I is lowered towards the ground and will be supported by the foot plates 29. The locking studs 24 are turned back into engagement with the locking disks 2|, which will thus be locked with the wheels in a raised position. Then the foot plates are tightened by means of the associated set screws 34, so that all of the plates will bear against the ground and so that the piece willobtain. the desired position. f

If the ground be uneven, s that the plates 2s will touch the ground before the locking disks 2l have been fully turned, it would be necessary to lift the wheels, which are heavy, since it will be necessary to overcome about half of the weight of the piece. In order to avoid this drawback the locking disks 2I are provided, as mentioned, with additional notches 23 for the locking stud 24, so that the disks and thus also the wheels can be locked also in intermediate positions.

In order to stable the piece in the ring position piles 44 applied to the carriage frame may be driven down into the ground. Guides 45 for such piles are shown in Fig. 3 at the carriage I and at the outriggers 21 and 28.

As to the form of embodiment shown it is to be noticed that, since the required spring force for the balancing varies in different positions, it may be suitable to arrange a plurality of springs within the balancing cylinders, which will be active A at consecutive stretches.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States of America said framing on to the ground and for raising it into the travelling position consisting of a hand operated lever iirmly secured to each of said axles for turning the axles together with the associated cranks and wh/eels, and balancing means between I said framing and each of said axles for facilitating the said lowering and raising of the firearm into ring position and the raising thereof into travelling position.

2. A four wheeled gun carriage comprising a framing, a front and rear tubular axle turnably mounted in said framing, cranks in operative connection with each of said tubular axles at the ends thereof, and forming journals for the wheels, a link system between each of said.' cranks and the associated axle, a spring suspension device within said tubular axle and in operative connection with said link system and said axle, means for lowering said framing on to the ground and for raising it into the travelling position consisting of a hand operated lever rmly secured to each of said axles for turning the axles together with the associated cranks and wheels, and balancing means between said framing and each of said axles for facilitating the said lowering and raising.

3. A four wheeled gun carriage comprising a framing, a front and rear axle turnably mounted in said framing, a link system joined to each end of each of said axles, a bearing block joined to the outer end of said link system, a crank having an upright pivot turnable in said bearing block,

the horizontal arm of said crank forming a journal for the associated wheel, a spring suspension device between the said link system and the axle, means for lowering said framing on to the ground and for raising it into the travelling position consisting of a hand operated lever ilrmly secured to each of said axles for turning the axles together with the associated cranks and wheels, and balancing means between said framing and. each of said axles for facilitating the said lowering and raising.

4. A four wheeled gun carriage comprising a framing, a front and rear axle turnably mounted in said framing, a link system joined to each end of each of said axles, a bearing block joined to the outer end of said link system, a crank having an upright pivot turnable in said bearing block, the horizontal arm of said crank forming a journal for the associated wheel, a spring suspension device between the said link system and the axle,

on said framing co-operating with said locking disk.

5. A four wheeled gun carriage comprising a 9,10870 yiraitzniug, a front and rear tubular axle turnabLv mounted in said framing, a link system joined to each end of veach of said axles, a bearing block joined to the outer end of said link system, a crank having an uprightpivot turnable in said bearing block, the horizontal arm oi said crank forming a journal for the associated wheel, .a spring suspension device within said tubular axle and in operative connection with said link system and said axle, means'ior lowering said framing on to the ground and for raising it into the travelling position consisting of a hand operated lever iirmly secured to each of said axles for turning the axles together with the associated'link systems, cranks and wheels, a locking disk firmly secured to each of said axles, a spring balancing means connected vto said carriage framing and in operative connection with said disk. and an adjustable locking member on said framing izo-operating with said locking disk.

6. A four-wheeled gun carriage comprising a framing, a iront anda rear axle turnably mounted in said framing, cranks in operative connection with each of said laxles at the ends thereof and forming journals for the wheels, a link system between each of said cranks and the associated axle, a spring suspension device between each ci the link systems and the axle, and means for lowering said framing Jon to the ground and for raising it into the traveiiing position, comprising a hand-operated lever rmly' secured to each of said axles iorturning the axles together with the associated Vcranks and wheels.

VICIOR HAMMAR.

EDVIN EMANUEL JANSSON.

OTTO OLSSON. 

